Special Acknowledgements

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Table of contents
Executive summary: key judicial corruption problems

Part one: Comparative analysis of judicial corruption
1 Introducing the problem
2 Independence, political interference and corruption
3 Accountability and competence of judges
4 The broader justice system
5 Courts, culture and corruption
6 Lessons learned about fighting judicial corruption

Part two: Country reports on judicial corruption
7 Country reports on judicial corruption
Introduction

Part three: Corruption research
8 Introduction
9 When are judges likely to be corrupt?
10 Bribes, punishment and judicial immunity
11 Informality, legal institutions and social norms
12 Enforcement of anti-corruption laws: the need for performance monitoring
13 The Global Corruption Barometer 2006
14 Measuring corruption: myths and realities
15 Corruption Perceptions Index 2006
16 Bribe Payers Index 2006
17 International business attitudes to corruption
18 Business corruption: speak out or take part?
19 Specific manifestations of corruption: comparing Brazil and Russia
20 Explaining patterns of corruption in the Russian regions
21 Quantifying public procurement losses in the Czech Republic
22 Identifying reticent respondents in Romanian corruption surveys
23 ANCORAGE-NET: sharing knowledge-based solutions to corruption control
24 Auditing, accountability and anti-corruption: how relevant areautonomous audit agencies?
Index

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Press Kit

Contributors
Acknowledgements
Preface
Huguette Labelle

Foreword
Kamal Hossain

Transparency International

Corruption within the judiciary: causes and remedies
Mary Noel Pepys
How prevalent is bribery in the judicial sector?
Transparency International

Judicial independence and corruption
Susan Rose-Ackerman
Economic growth, certainty in the law and judicial independence
Stefan Voigt
Judicial elections in the United States: is corruption an issue?
Roy A. Schotland
Combating corruption and political influence in Russia’s court system
Tom Blass
Corrupt judges and land rights in Zimbabwe
Gugulethu Moyo

Judicial integrity: the accountability gap and the Bangalore Principles
Greg Mayne
Corruption, accountability and the discipline of judges in Latin America
Emilio J. Cárdenas and Héctor M. Chayer
The professionalism of judges: education, salaries and career structure in Asia
Vincent Yang and Linda Ehrichs
Professional qualifications of the judiciary in Italy, France and Germany
Carlo Guarnieri
The international dimensions of judicial accountability
Zora Ledergerber, Gretta Fenner and Mark Pieth

Judicial corruption and the broader justice system
Edgardo Buscaglia
Mexico: the traffickers’ judges
Jorge Fernández Menéndez
Judicial corruption from the prosecution’s perspective
Nicholas Cowdery AM QC
The investigating magistrate’s loss of influence in France and the effects on
the fight against corruption
Eva Joly
Lesotho Highlands Water Project: corporate pressure on the prosecution and judiciary
Fiona Darroch
Lawyers and corruption: a view from East and Southern Africa
Arnold Tsunga and Don Deya

Judicial corruption in the context of legal culture
Marina Kurkchiyan
Culture and corruption in Italy
Gherardo Colombo
The media and judicial corruption
Geoffrey Robertson QC
Civil society’s role in combating judicial corruption in Central America
Katya Salazar and Jacqueline de Gramont
Gender and corruption in the administration of justice
Celestine Nyamu-Musembi
The ‘other 90 per cent’: how NGOs combat corruption in non-judicial justice systems
Stephen Golub

Fighting judicial corruption: a comparative perspective from Latin America
Linn Hammergren
Sub-national reform efforts: the Lagos state experience
Oluyemi Osinbajo
The rule of law and judicial corruption in China: half-way over the Great Wall
Keith Henderson
Assisting judicial reform: lessons from UNODC’s experience
Fabrizio Sarrica and Oliver Stolpe

Introduction
Transparency International
Algeria’s judiciary: from bad beginnings to an uncertain future
Fayçal Métaoui
Azerbaijan’s yawning gap between reforms on paper and in practice
Rena Safaralieva
Bangladesh: justice in disarray
S. I. Laskar
Corruption in the judiciary of Cambodia
Samantha Ford and Theary C. Seng
Chile’s partial success
Davor Harasic
Increased transparency helps curb corruption in Costa Rica
Roxana Salazar and José Pablo Ramos
Croatia: still in transition
TI Croatia, Zagreb
Top-down control slows Czech judicial reform, despite EU impetus
Michal ˇStiˇcka
Egypt’s judiciary flexes its muscles
Hossam Baghat
Georgia’s accelerated anti-corruption reforms
Tamuna Karosanidze and Camrin Christensen
Computerised courts reduce delays in Ghana
Dominic Ayine, Mechthild Ruenger and Daniel Batidam
Judicial corruption and the military legacy in Guatemala
Carlos Melgar Peña
Indolence in India’s judiciary
TI India, New Delhi
Israel’s Supreme Court: still making up its own mind
Doron Navot‘
Radical surgery’ in Kenya’s judiciary
TI Kenya, Nairobi
Judicial corruption and impunity in Mexico
Miguel Carbonell
Corruption within Mongolia’s legal profession
TI Mongolia, Ulan Bator
Royal power and judicial independence in Morocco
Transparency Maroc, Casablanca
Opportunity knocks for Nepal’s flawed judiciary
Krishna Prasad Bhandar
Separation of powers in Niger
Judge Djibo Abdoulaye
Pakistan: a tradition of judicial subservience
Jawaid A. Siddiqi
War of attrition weakens Palestinian judiciary
AMAN
Control of judiciary ensures impunity for Panama’s elite
Angélica Maytín Justiniani
Politics and nepotism plague Paraguay’s courts
Transparencia Paraguay, Asunción
The Philippines: Towards significant judicial reform
Judge Dolores Español
Judicial reform in PNG in need of political will
TI Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby
Corruption and deficiencies in the Romanian justice system
Victor Alistar
Misappropriations mar South Africa’s courts
Judith February
Corruption in Sri Lanka’s judiciary
Kishali Pinto Jayawardana and J. C. Weliamuna
Judiciary in Turkey: rooting out corruption
TI Turkey, Istanbul
Refining accountability and transparency in UK judicial systems
Kyela Leakey
Zambian judiciary struggles to modernise
Davies Chikalanga, Goodwell Lungu and Ngoza Yezi

Errata:
-The name of the chief justice in Sri Lanka is Sarath Silva, not Sarath De Silva

-On page 327, Dominica holds country rank 53 in the Corruption Perception Index, not the Dominican Republic as erroneously listed. The Dominican Republic is at position 99 (page 328).

-Judges’ salaries in Algeria as reported in the introductory country file refer to monthly, not annual amounts.

Special Acknowledgements to:
Justice Arthur Chaskalson, Justice Sandra Day O’Connor, Justice Claire L’Heureux-Dubé and
Lord Harry Woolf

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